Hemorrhoids

Haemorrhoids symptoms may include painless rectal bleeding during bowel movements, itching, anal irritation, swelling, discomfort while sitting, or a tender lump near the anus. Internal haemorrhoids may prolapse, while external haemorrhoids can become painful, especially if a blood clot develops.

Haemorrhoids diagnosis begins with a detailed medical history and physical examination. Doctors assess symptoms such as bleeding, pain, or swelling. A digital rectal examination may be performed to evaluate internal haemorrhoids. In some cases, anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy procedures may be advised to rule out other causes of rectal bleeding. This is especially important in older adults or individuals with risk factors.

Haemorrhoids treatment focuses on relieving symptoms, reducing inflammation, and preventing recurrence. Options include dietary changes, increased fibre and fluids, topical or oral medications, minimally invasive procedures, and surgery in advanced cases. Treatment depends on severity and overall health.

Patients seeking haemorrhoids treatment at Manipal Hospitals receive comprehensive and personalised care. The evaluation begins with a detailed discussion of symptoms, bowel habits, dietary patterns, and risk factors such as constipation or prolonged sitting. A physical examination is conducted to determine whether the haemorrhoids are internal or external and to assess their grade.

Once a haemorrhoid diagnosis is confirmed, an individualised haemorrhoid treatment plan is created. Mild cases are often managed with increased dietary fibre, adequate hydration, stool softeners, and medicated creams or suppositories to reduce pain, itching, and inflammation. Warm sitz baths may also be recommended for symptom relief.

For persistent or more advanced haemorrhoids, minimally invasive procedures such as rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, or infrared coagulation may be advised. These procedures aim to shrink or remove the swollen veins with minimal discomfort. In severe cases, particularly with large prolapsing haemorrhoids or recurrent bleeding, surgical removal (haemorrhoidectomy) may be recommended.

Regular follow-up is important for monitoring healing and preventing recurrence. Long-term management focuses on healthy bowel habits, avoiding straining, and maintaining a fibre-rich diet to reduce rectal pressure and improve overall quality of life.