Tooth decay

Tooth decay symptoms may include visible pits or holes in teeth, pain while chewing or biting, tooth sensitivity, and discolouration. In case of infection, it may result in the formation of pus or an abscess, causing fever, facial swelling, and pain.

Tooth decay diagnosis begins with a dental examination and symptom evaluation. The dentists carefully examine the surfaces of the teeth. They use a dental probe to identify areas of softened enamel and evaluate the amount of plaque buildup. X-rays are recommended to detect decay that may be present between the teeth or beneath existing fillings and assess the depth of any lesions.

Tooth decay treatment depends on the stage of the decay. In the early stage, before cavities form, fluoride is applied to prevent decay. Commonly, cavities are treated using dental fillings, crowns, root canal treatment, or tooth extraction in advanced cases.

Tooth decay management at Manipal Hospitals begins with a comprehensive oral evaluation. It determines the extent of decay, contributing factors, and overall oral health. Dentists evaluate the patient’s oral hygiene practices, dietary habits, fluoride usage, and dental treatment history. Diagnostic test results are correlated with clinical presentations to help guide the treatment plan.

In the initial stage, treatment with non-invasive approaches such as fluoride applications and preventive advice may stop the progression of dental caries. Cavities that are already formed are treated with dental fillings that remove the decayed area and restore the tooth's integrity. If the decay progresses to involve the dental pulp, root canal therapy may be required to remove infected pulp tissue and preserve the tooth. Teeth with severe destruction may require extraction.

Patients receive education on proper brushing, flossing, dietary modifications, and the importance of regular dental check-ups. Pain control and infection prevention are prioritised throughout the treatment process. Follow-up visits ensure healing, restoration of integrity, and prevention of recurrence. Timely care and good oral hygiene practices can help most patients to achieve improved outcomes and long-term dental health.