Sepsis in newborns

Sepsis in newborns' symptoms may include poor feeding, lethargy, temperature instability, breathing difficulty, irritability, and reduced activity. Some newborns may develop jaundice, vomiting, abdominal distension, or seizures, indicating severe infection and possible progression.

Diagnosis involves careful clinical assessment along with laboratory investigations. Blood cultures are essential to identify the causative organism. Additional tests include complete blood count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and blood gas analysis. In selected cases, doctors may recommend cerebrospinal fluid examination, urine culture, and imaging studies to assess the extent of infection and detect complications.

Management involves early administration of intravenous antibiotics after obtaining appropriate cultures. Supportive care includes fluid management, respiratory support, and continuous monitoring. Treatment is adjusted based on culture results and clinical response to ensure effective infection control.

At Manipal Hospitals, newborns suspected of sepsis are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for close monitoring and prompt management. Initial evaluation includes assessment of vital signs, feeding patterns, and overall clinical status. Early stabilisation focuses on maintaining airway, breathing, and circulation, along with temperature regulation. Continuous monitoring of vital parameters and laboratory markers helps assess disease progression and response to treatment.

Doctors initiate empirical antibiotic therapy immediately after collecting cultures. Once laboratory results are available, treatment is tailored based on the identified organism and its sensitivity pattern.

Supportive care plays a crucial role and may include oxygen therapy, intravenous fluids, and nutritional support. In severe cases, advanced interventions such as mechanical ventilation or inotropic support may be required.

Treatment duration depends on the severity of infection and response to therapy. With early diagnosis and appropriate management, many newborns recover well. Regular monitoring and follow-up help detect long-term complications and support optimal growth and development.