Kidney Stones

Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, blood in urine, pain during urination, and severe flank or lower back pain. Some individuals may also experience frequent urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or fever if an infection is present.

Kidney stone diagnosis includes a detailed physical examination along with a review of symptoms and medical history. Doctors may recommend imaging tests such as an ultrasound, abdominal X-ray, or a non-contrast CT scan to confirm the size and location of stones. Urine tests help detect infection, blood, or crystal-forming substances. A blood test is advised to evaluate kidney function and other metabolic factors contributing to stone formation.

Kidney stone treatment includes medications to relax the ureter, control pain, and manage symptoms such as nausea. Obstructive stones may be treated with Ureteroscopy, Shockwave Lithotripsy, or Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy. In rare cases, open or laparoscopic surgery is performed, depending on stone size and location.

At Manipal Hospitals, patients undergoing kidney stone treatment receive a structured care plan from consultation through recovery. The journey starts with a laboratory evaluation and detailed imaging that helps understand the size, composition, and location of stones. Based on the evaluation, the experienced urologists prepare an individualised treatment plan. If stones are small, proper medical guidance and adequate hydration allow them to pass on their own.

For large obstructive stones, doctors select minimally invasive techniques based on patients' needs. In Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL), focused shock waves are used to fragment kidney stones into smaller pieces that can pass naturally. Ureteroscopy (URS) uses a thin, rigid scope to visualise and break stones inside the urinary tract. In severe cases, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is performed, which involves a small incision in the back to remove stones.

Recovery varies for every individual and depends on the response to care and other underlying conditions. Regular follow-up care helps to monitor kidney function and prevent stone recurrence. Doctors provide guidance on dietary modifications, proper hydration practices, and metabolic evaluation. Ongoing support helps patients stay comfortable and informed about their treatment plans and recovery.