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Pregnancy is one of the most beautiful yet delicate journeys in a woman’s life. For some expectant mothers, it comes with added challenges, especially when the cervix becomes weak or begins to open too early, putting the pregnancy at risk. This condition, often referred to as cervical incompetence, can lead to premature birth or even miscarriage. There’s a proven solution: cervical cerclage, a simple but effective surgical procedure that can support a successful pregnancy.
Synopsis
What is Cervical Cerclage?
Cervical cerclage in pregnancy is a medical procedure in which a gynaecologist places stitches around the cervix to keep it closed. This helps in holding the pregnancy until the baby is developed enough to be delivered safely. It’s typically performed between the 12th and 24th weeks of gestation and is commonly advised when there's a high risk of the cervix shortening or opening prematurely.
Why is Cervical Cerclage Important?
The cervix normally remains closed until the later stages of pregnancy. But in some cases, due to conditions like a naturally short cervix, past cervical surgeries, or prior miscarriages, the cervix might open early. This increases the risk of preterm labour or pregnancy loss. A cervical cerclage can prevent this by offering physical support to the cervix, thereby acting as a reliable method for preterm birth prevention.
Types of Cervical Cerclage
There are two main types of cervical cerclage, and the choice depends on the individual’s anatomy, history, and the doctor’s recommendation:
1. Transvaginal Cerclage.
This is the most common method. The surgeon accesses the cervix through the vagina and places a strong stitch around it. It's a relatively straightforward outpatient procedure with minimal recovery time.
2. Transabdominal Cerclage.
Used when a transvaginal cerclage isn’t suitable, such as in women with very short cervixes or previous failed cerclage attempts. Here, the stitch is placed via an abdominal incision. This is more invasive and requires a longer recovery period, but can be more effective in some cases.
Who Needs Cervical Cerclage?
Not every woman needs this procedure. Cervical cerclage is generally recommended when there’s a known risk for cervical incompetence. You may be a candidate if:
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You have a history of second-trimester pregnancy losses.
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Your cervix has been surgically altered or shortened.
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Ultrasound reveals early cervical shortening.
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You're pregnant with multiples and at risk of early labour.
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You've had a previous cerclage with a successful outcome.
Your obstetrician at Manipal Hospital Patiala will consider your full medical history before recommending the procedure.
How is the Procedure Performed?
Usually done under regional or general anaesthesia, cervical cerclage is a short procedure that takes less than an hour. The surgeon will place a strong stitch (or a synthetic tape) around the cervix to keep it closed. The stitch is generally removed around the 36th to 38th week of pregnancy or earlier if labour begins.
Cervical Cerclage Recovery and Aftercare
Recovery after cervical cerclage in pregnancy is relatively smooth if the doctor's guidance is followed diligently. Here’s what most women can expect:
What to Expect Post-Surgery:
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Light vaginal bleeding or spotting for a few days.
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Mild cramping or discomfort.
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You may be observed in the hospital for a few hours or overnight.
Activity Restrictions:
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Avoid lifting heavy objects.
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Refrain from prolonged standing or strenuous activity.
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Sexual intercourse is usually not advised for a few weeks or as guided by your doctor.
Diet & Hygiene Tips:
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Eat fibre-rich foods to avoid constipation (straining can affect healing).
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Maintain vaginal hygiene to reduce the risk of infection.
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Stay hydrated and rest adequately.
Regular antenatal visits will help your doctor track your cervix and baby’s progress.
Things to Avoid After the Procedure
There are certain lifestyle restrictions you must keep in mind to support the success of the procedure and protect your pregnancy:
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Avoid travel, especially long distances, without medical clearance.
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No heavy lifting or physically demanding tasks.
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Abstain from sexual intercourse until your doctor permits it.
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Avoid douching or using any vaginal products unless prescribed.
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Stick to your follow-up appointments for cervical length checks and fetal monitoring.
Are There Any Risks Involved?
While the benefits often outweigh the risks, it’s important to be aware of possible complications:
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Infection of the cervix or uterus.
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Bleeding.
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Premature rupture of membranes.
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Discomfort or pain.
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Uterine contractions.
These are rare when the procedure is done by skilled specialists and monitored closely. Manipal Hospital Patiala ensures the highest level of care and expertise when it comes to cervical incompetence treatment.
Cervical cerclage offers a valuable solution for many women struggling with the risk of premature birth. While the decision to undergo the procedure depends on individual circumstances, it provides hope and support for those on the path to motherhood. With modern diagnostics and excellent surgical care, cervical cerclage continues to be a powerful tool in preterm birth prevention.
Conclusion
If you're experiencing pregnancy challenges or have concerns about your cervix, consult with the gynaecology specialists at Manipal Hospital Patiala. Our team is here to support you through every stage of your pregnancy, with compassion and clinical expertise. Book an appointment now!
FAQ's
It's usually advised between 12 and 24 weeks for women at high risk of cervical incompetence, especially if they’ve experienced previous preterm births or second-trimester miscarriages.
Yes, it is generally safe when performed under expert supervision. The benefits of preventing preterm birth typically outweigh the risks involved.
Follow your doctor’s advice, get plenty of rest, avoid sexual activity, and report any unusual symptoms like bleeding, fever, or contractions immediately.
Most women resume light activity within a few days. However, full recovery with activity restrictions might take a few weeks.
Contact your doctor if you notice:
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Heavy bleeding.
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Fluid leakage.
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Painful cramps.
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Fever.
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Foul-smelling discharge.
The procedure is usually done under anaesthesia, so there's minimal pain. Mild cramping or discomfort may be felt post-surgery.
Yes, if it was successful and necessary in a previous pregnancy, it can be considered again with proper evaluation.
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