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Chronic renal failure is a disorder in which the kidneys' capacity to filter waste and fluid from the blood decreases. It is chronic, which means the illness develops over time and is irreversible. Chronic renal disease is another name for this ailment (CKD).
Chronic renal failure is usually caused by various medical problems that burden the kidneys over time, such as diabetes, high blood pressure or hypertension, and long-term kidney inflammation. Early signs of impaired kidney function include increased urination, elevated blood pressure, and leg oedema.
Causes
Chronic renal failure is more common in patients with various medical disorders that cause damage to the tiny units in the kidneys called nephrons that filter waste and fluid from the circulation.
The following are some of the most common causes of chronic renal failure,
Diabetes- One in every three diabetic people will develop chronic renal failure.
Hypertension- One in every five persons with high blood pressure is at risk of chronic renal failure.
People with diabetes and hypertension at high risk of chronic renal failure should have their glomerular filtration rate measured regularly. People with diabetes should also get microalbumin testing regularly, and these tests can detect early symptoms of the disease.
Awareness
People at risk of chronic renal failure should undergo frequent health exams, including a glomerular filtration rate evaluation. Waiting for symptoms to occur is a less accurate technique for detecting the early stages of chronic renal failure.
Symptoms
Patients frequently have no symptoms in the initial stages of chronic renal failure. However, the following symptoms may appear in the early stages of chronic renal failure,
A desire to urinate more regularly
Urine might seem light and frothy.
Hypertension sometimes referred to as excessive blood pressure
Leg swollenness
Appetite problems
Loss of weight.
As the illness worsens, patients may experience additional symptoms such as,
Muscle cramps or cramping
the emergence of brown patches on the skin worsening oedema, particularly on the hands, ankles, and feet, and around the eyes
Drowsiness or loss of attention Feeling tired and depleted of energy
Easily bruised
There is blood in the faeces.
Amenorrhea (periods stopping)
Itchy, flaky skin
Bone discomfort
Nausea and vomiting Increased susceptibility to infection.
Diagnosis
Chronic renal failure is diagnosed by assessing kidney function and is commonly tested for by collecting blood and urine samples to determine creatinine levels. This is a byproduct of creatine, a substance produced by the body to provide energy, particularly to the muscles and the brain.
The two most important diagnostic tests are,
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)- This test determines how well the glomeruli operate. A blood sample is obtained and examined in a lab to determine the filtration rate. The data are coupled with age, ethnicity, gender, height, and weight to determine a person's glomerular filtration rate.
Test for creatinine clearance Another method for determining glomerular filtration rate. To take the test, a person must collect all of their urine for 24 hours and then submit a blood sample. The glomerular filtration rate of a person can be measured by comparing creatinine levels in blood and urine.
Treatment
Controlling the illness that is causing kidney damage is part of the chronic renal failure treatment in Hebbal, Bangalore. In particular, people with hypertension or diabetes should ensure their diseases are controlled.
Controlling blood sugar and blood pressure will help to prevent future kidney injury. The preferred treatment for hypertension is angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs).
Book an appointment at Manipal Hospitals to know more about various treatments with the help of best kidney doctors in Bangalore.
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