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Diagnosis and Staging of Cancers
Cancer treatment in Hebbal, Bangalore
Cancer is a disease that is caused by the abnormal growth of cells in the body. Cancer can be diagnosed by a variety of methods, including X-rays, CT (Computed Tomography) scans, MRIs (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), and PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scans. Cancer can also be diagnosed by biopsy, in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the body and examined for cancerous cells. The stage of cancer is a measure of how far the disease has progressed. The stage of a cancer is determined by the size of the tumour, the number of affected lymph nodes, and whether cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Cancer is typically categorised as stage I, II, III, or IV, with stage I being the least advanced and stage IV being the most advanced. The most common method of diagnosing cancer is using biopsy, in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the body for examination under a microscope. Other diagnostic tests include imaging tests such as X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT) scans, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans, as well as blood tests that can detect cancer markers.
Once the cancer has been diagnosed, staging is the process of determining how far cancer has spread in the body. This is important to decide on the best course of cancer treatment in Hebbal, Bangalore. Staging is usually done with imaging tests such as CT scans and MRI scans, and with biopsies.
Pre-Procedure
The pre-procedure diagnosis and staging of cancers usually involve several steps. The first step is to take a medical history and perform a physical examination. The doctor will also order blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies. Blood tests help to determine the level of certain substances in the blood, such as cancer markers. Imaging tests, such as Computed Tomography (CT) scans and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans, create pictures of the inside of the body. Biopsies involve removing a small piece of tissue from the body to be examined under a microscope.
The second step is to review the results of the tests and procedures. The doctor will use this information to determine the stage of cancer. The stage is a way to describe how far cancer has spread in the body. The third step is to develop a treatment plan. The treatment plan will be based on the stage of cancer, the type of cancer, the patient’s overall health, and the patient’s preferences.
Procedure
Cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterised by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. There are many diverse types of cancer, each with its own set of symptoms, risk factors, and treatment options. The process of diagnosis begins with a thorough history and physical examination. If cancer is suspected, various imaging modalities (e.g., X-ray, CT, MRI, PET) may be used to confirm the diagnosis and to determine the extent of the disease (stage). The stage of cancer refers to the size of the tumour and the extent to which it has spread to other parts of the body. Staging is important because it guides treatment decisions and helps to predict prognosis. Once a cancer is diagnosed, various other tests (e.g., biopsy, blood tests) may be performed to obtain more information about the tumour. This information is used to make treatment decisions and to plan for follow-up care.
Post-Procedure
The post-procedure diagnosis and staging of cancers help doctors to understand the severity of cancer and to develop a treatment plan. The most common methods of cancer staging are the TNM system and the tumor grade. The TNM system is a way of classifying the stage of cancer. The TNM system has three components: T: This stands for the size of the tumour. N: This stands for the number of lymph nodes that contain cancer. M: This stands for metastasis or the spread of cancer to other parts of the body. The tumour grade is a way of classifying how abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope. There are three grades of tumours: Grade I: The cancer cells look remarkably like normal cells. Grade II: The cancer cells look less like normal cells. Grade III: The cancer cells look quite different from normal cells.
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