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Preoperative embolisation of tumours is a specialised interventional radiology procedure used to reduce the blood supply to highly vascular tumours before surgical removal. This technique significantly decreases intraoperative blood loss, enhances surgical precision, and lowers the risk of complications. Using image guidance, a catheter is inserted into the femoral or radial artery and navigated to the arteries feeding the tumour. A controlled injection of embolic agents—such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, microspheres, coils, or liquid embolics—is administered to occlude the tumour’s blood supply. This reduces vascularity, making the cancer easier to resect while preserving surrounding healthy tissue.
This procedure is commonly used for meningiomas, renal angiomyolipomas, paragangliomas, bone tumours (such as giant cell tumours), and hypervascular metastases. In spinal and pelvic tumours, embolisation is particularly beneficial in reducing the risk of excessive bleeding during surgery. The choice of embolic material depends on the tumour type, location, and vascular anatomy. Some tumours may require temporary embolisation with resorbable agents, while others benefit from permanent occlusion. Patients undergoing preoperative embolisation typically experience minimal discomfort and a short recovery time, allowing for timely surgical intervention. This technique improves surgical outcomes and enhances patient safety by reducing the need for blood transfusions and minimising complications. At Manipal Hospital, Yeshwanthpur, our interventional radiology team collaborates closely with surgical specialists to optimise preoperative planning for complex tumour resections.
Below are the key procedures under preoperative embolisation of tumours:
Embolisation for Meningiomas – Reduces blood flow to benign brain tumours, facilitating safer resection.
Renal Tumour Embolisation – Minimises bleeding risk in angiomyolipomas and hypervascular renal masses.
Spinal Tumour Embolisation – Controls vascularity in vertebral tumours before surgical removal.
Pelvic Tumour Embolisation – Used for fibroids and hypervascular pelvic tumours to ease surgical excision.
Bone Tumour Embolisation – Essential for giant cell tumours and bone metastases, preventing excessive intraoperative bleeding.
Targeted Arterial Occlusion – Uses specialised embolic agents to block tumour-feeding vessels while preserving healthy tissue selectively.
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