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Dengue is a very common mosquito-borne viral infection that affects millions of people every year. Usually, we show mild symptoms, which are most often confused with seasonal flu symptoms, but in some people, it can lead to severe complications if not diagnosed and treated promptly.
Therefore, many factors, such as understanding what causes dengue, early warning signs, and getting timely medical care, are crucial. This blog explains the basics of dengue fever and its symptoms, how it's spread, and dengue treatment.
Synopsis
What Is Dengue?
Dengue is a viral disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV). There are 4 types of dengue virus that are spread by infected Aedes mosquitoes. In dengue, you can get infected with one kind of viral strain, recover, and still be at risk of getting the other types later. Most people who are infected recover in about a week. But if the virus becomes severe, it can lead to serious issues such as internal bleeding, low platelet count, or organ damage.
How Does Dengue Spread?
The dengue virus spreads through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, which are most active during the daytime, especially early morning and late afternoon before sunset. These mosquitoes breed in clean, stagnant water in and around houses.
It’s important to understand that dengue doesn’t spread directly from person to person. Here’s how the cycle of dengue transmission works:
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A mosquito bites a person already infected with dengue.
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The mosquito becomes infected.
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When this mosquito bites another person, it transmits the virus.
Common Signs and Symptoms of Dengue
Symptoms of dengue usually start 4 to 10 days after a mosquito bite. In mild cases, they may resemble the flu or a viral fever.
Common symptoms include:
Warning Signs of Severe Dengue
In some individuals, dengue can progress to a more severe form known as severe dengue, or dengue haemorrhagic fever, which can be life-threatening. This occurs after the initial fever subsides, usually between the 3rd and 7th days of illness.
Rush to a hospital if you see these danger signs of dengue:
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Severe abdominal pain
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Persistent vomiting
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Bleeding gums or nose
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Blood in vomit or stool
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Difficulty breathing
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Sudden drop in blood pressure
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Restlessness or extreme fatigue
Diagnosis: How to Detect Dengue Early?
Early detection is crucial to managing dengue well. It helps doctors monitor the patient closely and prevent complications. Here are some tips to catch it early:
Don’t ignore fever, especially during mosquito season.
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If fever lasts over 2 days and there are body aches, undergo the recommended tests for dengue.
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Check for additional symptoms like rashes or eye pain.
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If you’ve had dengue before, be extra cautious. The second infection may be more severe.
Your doctor may recommend blood tests to confirm the infection. These tests help measure platelet counts and detect dengue-specific markers. Commonly performed tests for dengue are:
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NS1 Antigen Test: Detects the virus in the early days.
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IgM and IgG Antibody Tests: Help confirm current or past infection.
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CBC (Complete Blood Count): Checks platelet levels and white blood cell count.
So, if you notice symptoms and suspect dengue, visit a doctor immediately if the fever doesn’t subside and you feel weaker day by day.
Conclusion
In the beginning, dengue can feel like a regular viral illness. But in some people, it can become serious if left unchecked. Recognising the signs early, getting tested, and following medical advice can help avoid complications.
FAQ's
Yes, you can get dengue more than once from any of the 4 viruses that cause it. Getting infected with one kind gives lifelong immunity to that type, but you can still get the other three.
You should consult your doctor immediately if you have a high fever lasting more than two days, along with body pain or a rash. Based on their advice, you can get tested. Early testing helps doctors track your condition and avoid complications.
Dengue does not spread from person to person directly. It spreads through the bite of infected mosquitoes.
Hydration is very important. Drink plenty of water, coconut water, or electrolyte solutions. Soft, easy-to-digest foods like soups, rice, and fruit can help maintain energy.
If you notice severe stomach pain, bleeding, or feel faint or drowsy, go to a hospital immediately. These may be signs of severe dengue and need urgent care.
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