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A kidney transplant is a surgical treatment for individuals suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD)—a condition where kidneys permanently lose their ability to function. Kidney transplant surgery involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a living or deceased donor. It is one of the most effective treatments for end-stage renal disease, often offering better outcomes and improved quality of life compared to long-term dialysis.
This blog explores the kidney transplant process, who needs it, what recovery looks like, and how long you can expect to live after a successful transplant.
Synopsis
Understanding Kidney Function and Failure.
What Do Kidneys Do?
The kidneys are vital organs responsible for:
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Filtering toxins and waste from the blood.
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Balancing electrolytes like sodium and potassium.
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Managing blood pressure.
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Producing hormones to regulate red blood cell production.
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Maintaining the body's fluid and acid-base balance.
What Causes Kidney Failure?
When kidneys stop performing these functions efficiently, it leads to kidney failure. Common causes include:
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Diabetes (Type 1 & 2).
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Chronic hypertension (high blood pressure).
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Polycystic kidney disease.
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Glomerulonephritis.
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Prolonged use of certain medications.
When is a kidney transplant needed?
A kidney transplant is needed when kidney function drops below 10–15%, and dialysis or surgery becomes essential for survival. Who is eligible for a kidney transplant? Typically, individuals with ESRD and no contraindications like active infections, recent cancer, or severe cardiovascular issues.
When is a kidney transplant recommended?
Medical Conditions Requiring Transplant.
A kidney transplant is recommended for patients with:
Chronic kidney disease that has progressed to ESRD.
Kidney failure due to autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus nephritis).
Genetic disorders like polycystic kidney disease.
Failed previous transplant.
Kidney Transplant vs Dialysis.
When comparing kidney transplants vs. dialysis, transplants generally offer:
Better long-term survival rates.
Fewer dietary restrictions.
Enhanced energy and well-being.
Reduced cost over time.
While dialysis may be a short-term necessity, transplant is considered the gold standard for eligible patients.
Kidney Transplant Procedure
Pre-Surgery Evaluation and Donor Matching.
Before surgery, recipients undergo thorough evaluations, including:
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Blood and tissue typing.
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Imaging tests.
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Psychological assessments.
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Infection screenings.
Matching with a living or deceased donor is critical for transplant success. A kidney transplant from a living donor often has better long-term outcomes.
Steps in the Kidney Transplant Surgery.
The kidney transplant procedure typically involves.
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General anesthesia administration.
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Placement of the new kidney in the lower abdomen.
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Connecting blood vessels and the ureter to ensure proper function.
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Closure of the surgical site.
The entire process lasts 3 to 5 hours, followed by intensive monitoring in a transplant ICU.
Living vs Deceased Donor Transplants.
Living Donor: Often a family member or close friend; better compatibility and faster recovery.
Deceased Donor: The kidney is obtained from a registered organ donor; wait times can vary from weeks to years.
What Happens to Old Kidneys After Transplant?
A common concern is, what happens to old kidneys after transplant?
In most cases, the old kidneys are not removed. They are left in place unless they:
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Cause infection.
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Lead to uncontrollable high blood pressure.
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Result in recurrent kidney stones or cancer.
Removing the old kidneys adds surgical risk and is avoided unless medically necessary.
Post Kidney Transplant Aftercare.
Proper post kidney transplant care is crucial for long-term success.
Medications.
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Immunosuppressants: Taken daily for life to prevent organ rejection.
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Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce infection risk.
Monitoring.
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Regular blood tests to monitor kidney function.
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Ultrasounds or biopsies as needed.
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Hospital visits every 1–2 weeks initially.
Diet & Hygiene.
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Balanced, low-sodium diet.
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Avoid raw or undercooked foods.
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Maintain personal hygiene to reduce infection risk.
The typical kidney transplant recovery time is 6–8 weeks, though this can vary by individual.
Maximum Life After Kidney Transplant
How Long Does a Transplanted Kidney Last?
Life expectancy after a kidney transplant depends on several factors. On average:
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Living donor kidney: 15–20 years.
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Deceased donor kidney: 10–15 years.
With proper care, some patients live over 30 years post-transplant.
Factors Affecting Long-Term Success.
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Adherence to medications.
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Avoiding infections.
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Routine follow-ups.
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Managing comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension.
Lifestyle Tips.
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Quit smoking.
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Maintain a healthy weight.
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Exercise regularly.
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Stay hydrated.
The maximum life after kidney transplant is achievable with consistent care and a healthy lifestyle.
Conclusion
Schedule Your Consultation Today.
Take control of your health journey. Schedule your consultation with top nephrologists in Kharadi, Pune, at Manipal Hospitals and explore your options for a safe, effective, and long-lasting kidney transplant surgery.
Let us help you take the first step toward a healthier future.
FAQ's
With proper care, the maximum life after a kidney transplant can exceed 30 years, especially when the kidney is from a living donor.
In most cases, old kidneys are left in place unless they cause infections, high blood pressure, or other complications.
Yes, a kidney transplant is generally safer than dialysis long-term and offers better survival rates, quality of life, and fewer health complications.
Post kidney transplant recovery usually takes 6 to 8 weeks, with close medical supervision and lifestyle adjustments during the initial phase.
Yes, most patients return to a normal life after kidney transplant with proper medications, regular checkups, and a healthy lifestyle.
The cost of a kidney transplant at Manipal Hospitals, Kharadi, ranges from ₹500,000 to ₹1,000,000, but it may vary depending on the patient’s condition and required care.
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