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Living with chronic knee pain can turn even the simplest activities like walking, climbing stairs, or sitting down into a daily challenge. For many, the solution lies in a proven, life-enhancing surgical procedure called Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). With advancements in medical science, TKA has evolved into a faster, safer, and more effective surgery. If you’re seeking lasting relief and improved mobility, understanding this procedure could be your first step toward a pain-free life.
Synopsis
- What is Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)?
- Who Needs a Total Knee Arthroplasty Procedure?
- TKA Surgery: What to Expect During the Procedure
- Fast Track TKA: A Modern Approach to Joint Replacement
- Fast Track vs Traditional TKA
- Benefits of Total Knee Arthroplasty
- Recovery After TKA Surgery
- When Should You Consult an Orthopaedic Surgeon for TKA?
- Conclusion
What is Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)?
TKA, or Total Knee Arthroplasty, is a form of joint replacement surgery. It involves the replacement of a severely damaged knee joint with artificial implants made of metal alloys, ceramics, or durable plastic. These components are designed to replicate the movement of a healthy knee and restore function.
So, what is total knee arthroplasty exactly? It's a surgical option for individuals with degenerative joint disease, particularly when conservative treatments like medication and physiotherapy no longer provide relief. TKA aims to eliminate pain, restore stability, and enable patients to return to normal activities.
Also referred to as TKA surgery, the procedure is one of the most successful orthopaedic surgeries worldwide, offering long-term relief for patients suffering from osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic injuries, or congenital joint abnormalities.
Who Needs a Total Knee Arthroplasty Procedure?
The TKA procedure is typically recommended for individuals who experience:
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Chronic joint pain that persists despite rest and medication.
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Severe stiffness and swelling that limit mobility.
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Joint deformities, such as bow-legged or knock-kneed alignment.
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Reduced quality of life due to impaired movement.
Below is a table outlining the most common conditions that may require a TKA (total knee arthroplasty):
|
Because |
Common Symptoms |
Reason for TKA |
|
Osteoarthritis |
Joint pain, stiffness, reduced flexibility. |
Cartilage erosion leading to bone friction. |
|
Rheumatoid Arthritis |
Swollen joints, deformities, fatigue. |
Chronic inflammation damages the joint lining. |
|
Sports Injuries |
Instability, limited motion, and knee trauma. |
Irreversible ligament or cartilage damage. |
|
Post-Traumatic Arthritis |
Pain after fractures or dislocations. |
Damage caused by injury to the knee joint. |
|
Congenital Deformities |
Misshapen joints, poor alignment. |
Mobility and cosmetic improvement. |
When joint damage becomes too severe for nonsurgical interventions to help, total knee arthroplasty is often the most effective and lasting treatment.
TKA Surgery: What to Expect During the Procedure
Undergoing TKA surgery can seem overwhelming, but knowing what to expect can make the process more manageable. The procedure itself is highly structured, with the following steps:
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Preoperative Evaluation.
Your orthopaedic surgeon will conduct a full physical examination, supported by diagnostic imaging such as X-rays or MRIs. You’ll also meet with an anaesthetist to decide on the most suitable anaesthesia.
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Anaesthesia and Incision.
TKA surgery is usually done under spinal or general anaesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision over the knee to access the damaged joint.
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Removal of Damaged Tissue.
The worn-out cartilage and bone are carefully removed from the thighbone (femur), shinbone (tibia), and kneecap.
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Implant Placement.
Artificial implants are fixed in place using medical-grade cement or specialised press-fit techniques. These replicate the natural function of the joint.
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Closure and Recovery.
Once the new components are securely placed, the incision is closed, and the patient is moved to the recovery room for observation.
A standard TKA procedure lasts between 1 to 2 hours and may be performed as either a traditional open surgery or a minimally invasive TKA, depending on your overall health and the surgeon’s recommendation.
Fast Track TKA: A Modern Approach to Joint Replacement
Gone are the days when patients had to remain in the hospital for a week or more following knee replacement. With the emergence of Fast Track Total Knee Arthroplasty, recovery has become faster, safer, and more comfortable.
Fast Track TKA is a refined version of the traditional knee replacement process. It involves updated surgical techniques, enhanced anaesthesia, and targeted physiotherapy protocols—all aimed at shortening hospital stays and improving recovery speed.
At Manipal Hospitals, Kharadi, our experts follow enhanced recovery protocols that promote early mobilisation. Patients can typically start walking within 24 hours and are often discharged within 2–3 days.
Fast Track vs Traditional TKA
|
Feature |
Traditional TKA |
Fast Track TKA |
|
Hospital Stay |
7–10 days |
1–3 days |
|
Pain Management |
Medication-based |
Multimodal, better controlled |
|
Rehabilitation Start |
Post Day 2 or 3 |
Within 24 hours |
|
Return to Activity |
3–6 months |
As early as 4–8 weeks |
|
Cost Implications |
Higher overall cost |
Lower hospitalisation costs |
This approach not only makes TKA (total knee arthroplasty) more efficient but also significantly reduces the psychological and physical burden on patients.
Benefits of Total Knee Arthroplasty
Choosing a TKA surgery comes with a range of benefits that extend beyond pain relief. Here’s why patients and orthopedic surgeons worldwide continue to choose this procedure:
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Improved joint function and enhanced range of motion.
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Significant pain reduction and better comfort during movement.
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Restoration of alignment and joint stability.
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Improved overall mobility and independence.
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Fewer complications with modern surgical techniques.
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Lasting results, with many implants lasting 15–20 years or more.
These advantages not only improve the patient’s physical condition but also have a positive impact on mental well-being and quality of life.
Recovery After TKA Surgery
The recovery process after TKA surgery is just as important as the operation itself. Patients are encouraged to begin walking with assistance, such as a walker or crutches, on the same day or the day after surgery.
Typical TKA Recovery Timeline.
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Day 1–3: Begin physiotherapy and walk with support.
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Weeks 1–2: Gradual increase in walking distance and joint movement.
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Weeks 4–6: Perform daily activities with minimal help.
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Month 3: Resume light exercises; return to part-time work.
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6+ Months: Full recovery for most patients.
Post-surgery care includes wound management, pain relief, physiotherapy, and lifestyle adjustments such as maintaining a healthy weight to prolong the life of the implant.
Your surgeon will monitor your recovery closely through follow-up visits and guide you through personalised rehabilitation plans.
When Should You Consult an Orthopaedic Surgeon for TKA?
If you're constantly battling knee pain that disrupts sleep, limits your movement, and lowers your quality of life, it may be time to explore TKA as an option. Early intervention leads to better outcomes and prevents further joint deterioration.
At Manipal Hospital Kharadi, our highly experienced orthopaedic team specialises in both traditional and fast-track total knee arthroplasty procedures. We use minimally invasive techniques and evidence-based protocols to ensure faster recovery and optimal results.
Book your consultation with an orthopaedic expert at Manipal Hospitals Kharadi and take your first step towards pain-free mobility.
Conclusion
Living with chronic knee pain is not a life sentence. Thanks to advancements in TKA surgery, thousands of people are regaining their mobility and quality of life. Whether it’s traditional or fast track, the total knee arthroplasty procedure offers a reliable and long-lasting solution to joint-related challenges.
If you're struggling with joint pain and looking for a faster return to your active lifestyle, don’t wait; consult the specialists at Manipal Hospital Kharadi and discover how TKA (total knee arthroplasty) can transform your life. Book an appointment now!
FAQ's
It is a surgical procedure where the damaged knee joint is replaced with artificial components to restore mobility and reduce pain.
TKA replaces the entire joint, while partial knee replacement targets only the damaged portion.
The damaged bone and cartilage are removed and replaced with prosthetic parts under anaesthesia.
Recovery includes walking within a day, physiotherapy, and a gradual return to normal life within 3–6 months.
Yes, it is commonly performed on elderly individuals with great success and improved quality of life.
Most implants last 15–20 years or more, depending on activity levels and health conditions.
Faster healing, shorter hospital stays, reduced pain, and lower costs.
Like any surgery, risks exist (infection, blood clots), but are rare with proper care.
If conservative treatments fail and your daily life is affected by knee pain, see a specialist immediately.
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