English

    Overview

  • Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is an experienced general and laparoscopic surgeon in Jayanagar, Bangalore. He is currently practising as a Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar. With extensive expertise in both basic and complex surgical procedures, Dr. Shetty is proficient in managing a wide range of surgical cases, including thyroidectomy, mastectomy, soft tissue surgeries, open and laparoscopic hernioplasty (IPOM plus, TAPP, TEP), hydrocele and circumcision, laparotomies, amputations, and trauma or emergency surgeries. His skillset also includes advanced gastrointestinal surgeries such as bariatric procedures, gastrectomy, fundoplication, cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration, hepatic abscess and cyst surgery, splenectomy, and colorectal-proctology interventions. He is the best general surgeon in Jayanagar.

  • Dr. Shetty completed his MBBS from K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, followed by an MS in General Surgery from A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. He specialised in minimally invasive and gastrointestinal surgery through multiple fellowships. He earned the Fellow of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (FIAGES) in 2019, completed a Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Surgery (FMIS) at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, and went on to obtain a Fellowship in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery (FMBS) from GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, where he was awarded the gold medal for his outstanding performance.

  • Over the years, Dr. Shetty has gained substantial expertise in advanced laparoscopic techniques, bariatric procedures, and complex gastrointestinal surgeries. His clinical interests include minimally invasive approaches to gastrointestinal conditions, robotic-assisted surgeries, and specialised treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). His bariatric surgery expertise extends to innovative procedures like laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with ligamentum teres cardiopexy, which have shown promising outcomes in GERD management. He also maintains a strong focus on evidence-based practice and patient safety, ensuring that each surgical intervention is planned with precision and executed to the highest standards.

  • Dr. Shetty has contributed extensively to surgical literature, with publications in reputed journals like the Journal of Robotic Surgery, Journal of Hernia Surgery, and Journal of Surgical Endoscopy. His research covers diverse topics, including robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy, trends in ventral hernia management, and multicentric evaluations of laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in India. His studies on GERD improvement following bariatric surgery and innovative surgical techniques for reflux management in sleeve gastrectomy patients have added valuable insights to bariatric surgery literature.

  • As a surgeon committed to professional growth, Dr. Shetty continuously updates his skills through advanced training and hands-on experience with new surgical technologies. His approach to patient care is centred on understanding each individual’s needs, discussing all possible treatment options, and ensuring they are well-informed before undergoing surgery. Known for his empathetic manner, he fosters strong doctor-patient relationships that help patients feel confident and supported throughout their treatment journey.

  • Field of Expertise

  • Experienced In Performing All Basic And Complex General Surgical Procedures (Thyroidectomy, Mastectomy, Soft Tissue Surgeries, Open And Laparoscopic Hernioplasty – IPOM Plus, TAPP, TEP, Hydrocele, Circumcision, Laparotomies, Amputations And Trauma/Emergency Surgeries).
  • Experienced In Performing Gastrointestinal Surgeries (Bariatric Surgery, Gastrectomy, Fundoplication, Cholecystectomy, CBD Exploration, Hepatic Abscess/Cyst Surgery, Splenectomy, And Colorectal/Proctology Surgeries).
  • Fellowship & Membership

  • FIAGES
  • FMIS
  • FMBS
  • Languages Spoken

  • English
  • Hindi
  • Kannada
  • Tulu
  • Tamil
  • Awards & Achievements

  • Gold Medalist – FMBS, Journal publications in Robotic and Bariatric Surgery
  • Talks & Publications

  • Assistant Professor at M.S. Ramaiah Medical College; Multiple journal publications

    Fellowship & Membership

  • FIAGES
  • FMIS
  • FMBS
  • Overview

  • Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is an experienced general and laparoscopic surgeon in Jayanagar, Bangalore. He is currently practising as a Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar. With extensive expertise in both basic and complex surgical procedures, Dr. Shetty is proficient in managing a wide range of surgical cases, including thyroidectomy, mastectomy, soft tissue surgeries, open and laparoscopic hernioplasty (IPOM plus, TAPP, TEP), hydrocele and circumcision, laparotomies, amputations, and trauma or emergency surgeries. His skillset also includes advanced gastrointestinal surgeries such as bariatric procedures, gastrectomy, fundoplication, cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration, hepatic abscess and cyst surgery, splenectomy, and colorectal-proctology interventions. He is the best general surgeon in Jayanagar.

  • Dr. Shetty completed his MBBS from K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, followed by an MS in General Surgery from A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. He specialised in minimally invasive and gastrointestinal surgery through multiple fellowships. He earned the Fellow of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (FIAGES) in 2019, completed a Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Surgery (FMIS) at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, and went on to obtain a Fellowship in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery (FMBS) from GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, where he was awarded the gold medal for his outstanding performance.

  • Over the years, Dr. Shetty has gained substantial expertise in advanced laparoscopic techniques, bariatric procedures, and complex gastrointestinal surgeries. His clinical interests include minimally invasive approaches to gastrointestinal conditions, robotic-assisted surgeries, and specialised treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). His bariatric surgery expertise extends to innovative procedures like laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with ligamentum teres cardiopexy, which have shown promising outcomes in GERD management. He also maintains a strong focus on evidence-based practice and patient safety, ensuring that each surgical intervention is planned with precision and executed to the highest standards.

  • Dr. Shetty has contributed extensively to surgical literature, with publications in reputed journals like the Journal of Robotic Surgery, Journal of Hernia Surgery, and Journal of Surgical Endoscopy. His research covers diverse topics, including robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy, trends in ventral hernia management, and multicentric evaluations of laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in India. His studies on GERD improvement following bariatric surgery and innovative surgical techniques for reflux management in sleeve gastrectomy patients have added valuable insights to bariatric surgery literature.

  • As a surgeon committed to professional growth, Dr. Shetty continuously updates his skills through advanced training and hands-on experience with new surgical technologies. His approach to patient care is centred on understanding each individual’s needs, discussing all possible treatment options, and ensuring they are well-informed before undergoing surgery. Known for his empathetic manner, he fosters strong doctor-patient relationships that help patients feel confident and supported throughout their treatment journey.

  • Field of Expertise

  • Experienced In Performing All Basic And Complex General Surgical Procedures (Thyroidectomy, Mastectomy, Soft Tissue Surgeries, Open And Laparoscopic Hernioplasty – IPOM Plus, TAPP, TEP, Hydrocele, Circumcision, Laparotomies, Amputations And Trauma/Emergency Surgeries).
  • Experienced In Performing Gastrointestinal Surgeries (Bariatric Surgery, Gastrectomy, Fundoplication, Cholecystectomy, CBD Exploration, Hepatic Abscess/Cyst Surgery, Splenectomy, And Colorectal/Proctology Surgeries).
  • Languages Spoken

  • English
  • Hindi
  • Kannada
  • Tulu
  • Tamil
  • Awards & Achievements

  • Gold Medalist – FMBS, Journal publications in Robotic and Bariatric Surgery
  • Talks & Publications

  • Assistant Professor at M.S. Ramaiah Medical College; Multiple journal publications

    Languages Spoken

  • English
  • Hindi
  • Kannada
  • Tulu
  • Tamil
  • Overview

  • Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is an experienced general and laparoscopic surgeon in Jayanagar, Bangalore. He is currently practising as a Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar. With extensive expertise in both basic and complex surgical procedures, Dr. Shetty is proficient in managing a wide range of surgical cases, including thyroidectomy, mastectomy, soft tissue surgeries, open and laparoscopic hernioplasty (IPOM plus, TAPP, TEP), hydrocele and circumcision, laparotomies, amputations, and trauma or emergency surgeries. His skillset also includes advanced gastrointestinal surgeries such as bariatric procedures, gastrectomy, fundoplication, cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration, hepatic abscess and cyst surgery, splenectomy, and colorectal-proctology interventions. He is the best general surgeon in Jayanagar.

  • Dr. Shetty completed his MBBS from K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, followed by an MS in General Surgery from A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. He specialised in minimally invasive and gastrointestinal surgery through multiple fellowships. He earned the Fellow of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (FIAGES) in 2019, completed a Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Surgery (FMIS) at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, and went on to obtain a Fellowship in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery (FMBS) from GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, where he was awarded the gold medal for his outstanding performance.

  • Over the years, Dr. Shetty has gained substantial expertise in advanced laparoscopic techniques, bariatric procedures, and complex gastrointestinal surgeries. His clinical interests include minimally invasive approaches to gastrointestinal conditions, robotic-assisted surgeries, and specialised treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). His bariatric surgery expertise extends to innovative procedures like laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with ligamentum teres cardiopexy, which have shown promising outcomes in GERD management. He also maintains a strong focus on evidence-based practice and patient safety, ensuring that each surgical intervention is planned with precision and executed to the highest standards.

  • Dr. Shetty has contributed extensively to surgical literature, with publications in reputed journals like the Journal of Robotic Surgery, Journal of Hernia Surgery, and Journal of Surgical Endoscopy. His research covers diverse topics, including robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy, trends in ventral hernia management, and multicentric evaluations of laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in India. His studies on GERD improvement following bariatric surgery and innovative surgical techniques for reflux management in sleeve gastrectomy patients have added valuable insights to bariatric surgery literature.

  • As a surgeon committed to professional growth, Dr. Shetty continuously updates his skills through advanced training and hands-on experience with new surgical technologies. His approach to patient care is centred on understanding each individual’s needs, discussing all possible treatment options, and ensuring they are well-informed before undergoing surgery. Known for his empathetic manner, he fosters strong doctor-patient relationships that help patients feel confident and supported throughout their treatment journey.

  • Fellowship & Membership

  • FIAGES
  • FMIS
  • FMBS
  • Field of Expertise

  • Experienced In Performing All Basic And Complex General Surgical Procedures (Thyroidectomy, Mastectomy, Soft Tissue Surgeries, Open And Laparoscopic Hernioplasty – IPOM Plus, TAPP, TEP, Hydrocele, Circumcision, Laparotomies, Amputations And Trauma/Emergency Surgeries).
  • Experienced In Performing Gastrointestinal Surgeries (Bariatric Surgery, Gastrectomy, Fundoplication, Cholecystectomy, CBD Exploration, Hepatic Abscess/Cyst Surgery, Splenectomy, And Colorectal/Proctology Surgeries).
  • Awards & Achievements

  • Gold Medalist – FMBS, Journal publications in Robotic and Bariatric Surgery
  • Talks & Publications

  • Assistant Professor at M.S. Ramaiah Medical College; Multiple journal publications

    Field of Expertise

  • Experienced In Performing All Basic And Complex General Surgical Procedures (Thyroidectomy, Mastectomy, Soft Tissue Surgeries, Open And Laparoscopic Hernioplasty – IPOM Plus, TAPP, TEP, Hydrocele, Circumcision, Laparotomies, Amputations And Trauma/Emergency Surgeries).
  • Experienced In Performing Gastrointestinal Surgeries (Bariatric Surgery, Gastrectomy, Fundoplication, Cholecystectomy, CBD Exploration, Hepatic Abscess/Cyst Surgery, Splenectomy, And Colorectal/Proctology Surgeries).
  • Fellowship & Membership

  • FIAGES
  • FMIS
  • FMBS
  • Languages Spoken

  • English
  • Hindi
  • Kannada
  • Tulu
  • Tamil
  • Awards & Achievements

  • Gold Medalist – FMBS, Journal publications in Robotic and Bariatric Surgery
  • Talks & Publications

  • Assistant Professor at M.S. Ramaiah Medical College; Multiple journal publications
  • Overview

  • Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is an experienced general and laparoscopic surgeon in Jayanagar, Bangalore. He is currently practising as a Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar. With extensive expertise in both basic and complex surgical procedures, Dr. Shetty is proficient in managing a wide range of surgical cases, including thyroidectomy, mastectomy, soft tissue surgeries, open and laparoscopic hernioplasty (IPOM plus, TAPP, TEP), hydrocele and circumcision, laparotomies, amputations, and trauma or emergency surgeries. His skillset also includes advanced gastrointestinal surgeries such as bariatric procedures, gastrectomy, fundoplication, cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration, hepatic abscess and cyst surgery, splenectomy, and colorectal-proctology interventions. He is the best general surgeon in Jayanagar.

  • Dr. Shetty completed his MBBS from K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, followed by an MS in General Surgery from A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. He specialised in minimally invasive and gastrointestinal surgery through multiple fellowships. He earned the Fellow of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (FIAGES) in 2019, completed a Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Surgery (FMIS) at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, and went on to obtain a Fellowship in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery (FMBS) from GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, where he was awarded the gold medal for his outstanding performance.

  • Over the years, Dr. Shetty has gained substantial expertise in advanced laparoscopic techniques, bariatric procedures, and complex gastrointestinal surgeries. His clinical interests include minimally invasive approaches to gastrointestinal conditions, robotic-assisted surgeries, and specialised treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). His bariatric surgery expertise extends to innovative procedures like laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with ligamentum teres cardiopexy, which have shown promising outcomes in GERD management. He also maintains a strong focus on evidence-based practice and patient safety, ensuring that each surgical intervention is planned with precision and executed to the highest standards.

  • Dr. Shetty has contributed extensively to surgical literature, with publications in reputed journals like the Journal of Robotic Surgery, Journal of Hernia Surgery, and Journal of Surgical Endoscopy. His research covers diverse topics, including robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy, trends in ventral hernia management, and multicentric evaluations of laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in India. His studies on GERD improvement following bariatric surgery and innovative surgical techniques for reflux management in sleeve gastrectomy patients have added valuable insights to bariatric surgery literature.

  • As a surgeon committed to professional growth, Dr. Shetty continuously updates his skills through advanced training and hands-on experience with new surgical technologies. His approach to patient care is centred on understanding each individual’s needs, discussing all possible treatment options, and ensuring they are well-informed before undergoing surgery. Known for his empathetic manner, he fosters strong doctor-patient relationships that help patients feel confident and supported throughout their treatment journey.

    Awards & Achievements

  • Gold Medalist – FMBS, Journal publications in Robotic and Bariatric Surgery
  • Fellowship & Membership

  • FIAGES
  • FMIS
  • FMBS
  • Field of Expertise

  • Experienced In Performing All Basic And Complex General Surgical Procedures (Thyroidectomy, Mastectomy, Soft Tissue Surgeries, Open And Laparoscopic Hernioplasty – IPOM Plus, TAPP, TEP, Hydrocele, Circumcision, Laparotomies, Amputations And Trauma/Emergency Surgeries).
  • Experienced In Performing Gastrointestinal Surgeries (Bariatric Surgery, Gastrectomy, Fundoplication, Cholecystectomy, CBD Exploration, Hepatic Abscess/Cyst Surgery, Splenectomy, And Colorectal/Proctology Surgeries).
  • Languages Spoken

  • English
  • Hindi
  • Kannada
  • Tulu
  • Tamil
  • Talks & Publications

  • Assistant Professor at M.S. Ramaiah Medical College; Multiple journal publications
  • Overview

  • Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is an experienced general and laparoscopic surgeon in Jayanagar, Bangalore. He is currently practising as a Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar. With extensive expertise in both basic and complex surgical procedures, Dr. Shetty is proficient in managing a wide range of surgical cases, including thyroidectomy, mastectomy, soft tissue surgeries, open and laparoscopic hernioplasty (IPOM plus, TAPP, TEP), hydrocele and circumcision, laparotomies, amputations, and trauma or emergency surgeries. His skillset also includes advanced gastrointestinal surgeries such as bariatric procedures, gastrectomy, fundoplication, cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration, hepatic abscess and cyst surgery, splenectomy, and colorectal-proctology interventions. He is the best general surgeon in Jayanagar.

  • Dr. Shetty completed his MBBS from K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, followed by an MS in General Surgery from A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. He specialised in minimally invasive and gastrointestinal surgery through multiple fellowships. He earned the Fellow of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (FIAGES) in 2019, completed a Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Surgery (FMIS) at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, and went on to obtain a Fellowship in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery (FMBS) from GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, where he was awarded the gold medal for his outstanding performance.

  • Over the years, Dr. Shetty has gained substantial expertise in advanced laparoscopic techniques, bariatric procedures, and complex gastrointestinal surgeries. His clinical interests include minimally invasive approaches to gastrointestinal conditions, robotic-assisted surgeries, and specialised treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). His bariatric surgery expertise extends to innovative procedures like laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with ligamentum teres cardiopexy, which have shown promising outcomes in GERD management. He also maintains a strong focus on evidence-based practice and patient safety, ensuring that each surgical intervention is planned with precision and executed to the highest standards.

  • Dr. Shetty has contributed extensively to surgical literature, with publications in reputed journals like the Journal of Robotic Surgery, Journal of Hernia Surgery, and Journal of Surgical Endoscopy. His research covers diverse topics, including robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy, trends in ventral hernia management, and multicentric evaluations of laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in India. His studies on GERD improvement following bariatric surgery and innovative surgical techniques for reflux management in sleeve gastrectomy patients have added valuable insights to bariatric surgery literature.

  • As a surgeon committed to professional growth, Dr. Shetty continuously updates his skills through advanced training and hands-on experience with new surgical technologies. His approach to patient care is centred on understanding each individual’s needs, discussing all possible treatment options, and ensuring they are well-informed before undergoing surgery. Known for his empathetic manner, he fosters strong doctor-patient relationships that help patients feel confident and supported throughout their treatment journey.

    Talks & Publications

  • Assistant Professor at M.S. Ramaiah Medical College; Multiple journal publications
  • Overview

  • Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is an experienced general and laparoscopic surgeon in Jayanagar, Bangalore. He is currently practising as a Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospital Jayanagar. With extensive expertise in both basic and complex surgical procedures, Dr. Shetty is proficient in managing a wide range of surgical cases, including thyroidectomy, mastectomy, soft tissue surgeries, open and laparoscopic hernioplasty (IPOM plus, TAPP, TEP), hydrocele and circumcision, laparotomies, amputations, and trauma or emergency surgeries. His skillset also includes advanced gastrointestinal surgeries such as bariatric procedures, gastrectomy, fundoplication, cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration, hepatic abscess and cyst surgery, splenectomy, and colorectal-proctology interventions. He is the best general surgeon in Jayanagar.

  • Dr. Shetty completed his MBBS from K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, followed by an MS in General Surgery from A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore. He specialised in minimally invasive and gastrointestinal surgery through multiple fellowships. He earned the Fellow of the Indian Association of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (FIAGES) in 2019, completed a Fellowship in Minimally Invasive Surgery (FMIS) at Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre, Bangalore, and went on to obtain a Fellowship in Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery (FMBS) from GEM Hospital, Coimbatore, where he was awarded the gold medal for his outstanding performance.

  • Over the years, Dr. Shetty has gained substantial expertise in advanced laparoscopic techniques, bariatric procedures, and complex gastrointestinal surgeries. His clinical interests include minimally invasive approaches to gastrointestinal conditions, robotic-assisted surgeries, and specialised treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). His bariatric surgery expertise extends to innovative procedures like laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with ligamentum teres cardiopexy, which have shown promising outcomes in GERD management. He also maintains a strong focus on evidence-based practice and patient safety, ensuring that each surgical intervention is planned with precision and executed to the highest standards.

  • Dr. Shetty has contributed extensively to surgical literature, with publications in reputed journals like the Journal of Robotic Surgery, Journal of Hernia Surgery, and Journal of Surgical Endoscopy. His research covers diverse topics, including robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, minimally invasive approaches to esophagectomy, trends in ventral hernia management, and multicentric evaluations of laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes in India. His studies on GERD improvement following bariatric surgery and innovative surgical techniques for reflux management in sleeve gastrectomy patients have added valuable insights to bariatric surgery literature.

  • As a surgeon committed to professional growth, Dr. Shetty continuously updates his skills through advanced training and hands-on experience with new surgical technologies. His approach to patient care is centred on understanding each individual’s needs, discussing all possible treatment options, and ensuring they are well-informed before undergoing surgery. Known for his empathetic manner, he fosters strong doctor-patient relationships that help patients feel confident and supported throughout their treatment journey.

  • Fellowship & Membership

  • FIAGES
  • FMIS
  • FMBS
  • Field of Expertise

  • Experienced In Performing All Basic And Complex General Surgical Procedures (Thyroidectomy, Mastectomy, Soft Tissue Surgeries, Open And Laparoscopic Hernioplasty – IPOM Plus, TAPP, TEP, Hydrocele, Circumcision, Laparotomies, Amputations And Trauma/Emergency Surgeries).
  • Experienced In Performing Gastrointestinal Surgeries (Bariatric Surgery, Gastrectomy, Fundoplication, Cholecystectomy, CBD Exploration, Hepatic Abscess/Cyst Surgery, Splenectomy, And Colorectal/Proctology Surgeries).
  • Languages Spoken

  • English
  • Hindi
  • Kannada
  • Tulu
  • Tamil
  • Awards & Achievements

  • Gold Medalist – FMBS, Journal publications in Robotic and Bariatric Surgery

FAQ's

Patients visit Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty, a leading Consultant – Laparoscopic GI, Bariatric & General Surgery at Manipal Hospitals Jayanagar - Bengaluru, for expert care and advanced treatments. Known for accurate diagnoses and patient centric care, Dr. Sanjeev Vikram Shetty is a trusted choice for exceptional medical support.