Dry Eye Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Home Remedies

What is Dry Eye Syndrome?

Dry eye syndrome, medically known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly, leading to insufficient moisture on the eye surface. Tears are vital to maintain clear vision, lubricate the eyes, and protect them from irritants and infections.

When the eyes lack adequate lubrication, patients experience discomfort, blurred vision, and sometimes damage to the cornea. Our ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR explain that dry eye syndrome is not a single entity but a spectrum of conditions with varied underlying causes and severity.

Dry Eye Syndrome Symptoms: Spotting the Signs

Dry eye syndrome symptoms often start mildly but can progress and significantly affect quality of life if untreated. Common symptoms women and men report include:

• A stinging, burning, or scratchy sensation in the eyes

• Sensation of having sand or grit in the eyes

• Eye redness and irritation

• Excessive tearing as a reflex to dryness

• Blurred or fluctuating vision

• Sensitivity to light

• Difficulty wearing contact lenses

• Eye fatigue, especially after screen time or reading

Our ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR stress that acknowledging these symptoms promptly can ensure appropriate interventions and prevent long-term complications.

Dry Eye Syndrome Causes: Understanding the Triggers

Dry eye syndrome can be caused by various factors that either reduce tear production or increase tear evaporation. Key causes include:

• Ageing: Tear production naturally decreases with age, especially in people over 50.

• Environmental Factors: Exposure to air conditioning, heating, wind, smoke, pollution, or dry climates dries out and irritates the eyes.

• Hormonal Changes: Particularly in women during menopause or pregnancy, fluctuations can reduce tear quality.

• Medications: Antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, blood pressure drugs, and hormone replacement therapy are linked to dry eyes.

• Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: Blocked or malfunctioning glands in the eyelids reduce the oily layer of tears that prevents evaporation.

• Contact Lens Wear: Prolonged use can cause dryness and irritation.

• Eye Surgery: Procedures like LASIK may temporarily disrupt tear production.

• Autoimmune Disorders: Conditions like Sjögren’s syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis affect the tear glands.

• Vitamin A Deficiency: Essential for maintaining eye health and tear production.

Our ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR conduct comprehensive exams to identify the exact cause, which is crucial for targeted dry eye syndrome treatment.

Dry Eye Syndrome Treatment: Medical and Surgical Options

Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause of dry eye syndrome:

• Artificial Tears: Over-the-counter lubricating eye drops provide symptomatic relief and are the most common first-line treatment.

• Prescription Eye Drops: Medications like cyclosporine and lifitegrast help increase tear production and reduce inflammation.

• Punctal Plugs: Tiny plugs inserted into the tear ducts prevent tear drainage, retaining moisture on the eye surface.

• Warm Compresses and Lid Hygiene: These improve Meibomian gland function and reduce tear evaporation.

• Lifestyle Adjustments: Adjusting screen time, increasing humidity, wearing protective glasses, and avoiding smoke.

• Nutritional Supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids may improve tear quality.

• Surgery for Dry Eye Syndrome: In rare, severe cases, surgical options such as partial closure of tear ducts or correction of eyelid abnormalities are considered to retain tears and protect the eyes.

Our ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR tailor treatment based on individual needs, combining multiple approaches for optimal results.

Home Remedies for Dry Eye Syndrome: Practical Tips

Complementing medical treatment, home remedies for dry eye syndrome can make a significant difference:

• Regular Blinking: Especially important during screen use to spread tears evenly.

• Use a Humidifier: Adds moisture to dry indoor air.

• Warm Compresses: Help unclog Meibomian glands by softening secretions.

• Hydration: Drinking adequate water supports tear production.

• Eye Protection: Wear sunglasses or wrap-around glasses outdoors to shield eyes from wind and sun.

• Limit Exposure to Air Conditioners or Fans: Direct airflow can speed up evaporation.

• Avoid Smoke and Allergens: Both irritate the eyes and worsen dryness.

• Cucumber Slices: Cooling and hydrating when placed over closed eyes.

Our ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR encourage patients to combine these remedies with professional care for lasting relief.

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When to Consult Ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR

If dry eye symptoms become persistent, worsen, or interfere with daily activities such as reading or driving, it’s essential to seek expert care. Prompt evaluation by the best ophthalmologist in Delhi-NCR can help prevent complications like corneal ulcers or infections.

Symptoms warranting immediate consultation include severe eye pain, sudden vision changes, or signs of infection. Early diagnosis and personalised management can restore comfort and protect eyesight.

Conclusion

Dry eye syndrome is more than a minor irritation; it can profoundly affect daily life and eye health. With early recognition, effective treatment, and helpful home remedies, relief is achievable. Our ophthalmologists in Delhi-NCR are committed to delivering expert, personalised care aimed at restoring comfort and preserving vision. If experiencing dry eye syndrome symptoms, consultation with our experts ensures the best course of action tailored to individual needs and lifestyles.

Don’t let dry eyes dry up your joy of seeing the world clearly.