Some blood vessels especially arteries bulge and may even burst like a balloon. These localised arterial bulges are called aneurysms.

Types of aneurysm include:

• Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Pulsatile bulge in the abdomen is the presenting complaint.
• Peripheral Aneurysms: Low abdominal and lower limb arterial bulge.

Commonest venous disorders are varicose vein, deep vein thrombosis, venous ulcer. Patient visit to our OPD with a dilated bunch of veins in the leg (varicose vein). Unexplained sudden leg swelling could be deep vein thrombosis. This needs urgent medical attention. The chronic venous disease requires long-term medical care.

• Venography: Venography involves X-ray analysis of the blood vessels posts administration of a contrast medium for easy detection.
• Venoplasty and Stenting: Some of the vein blockages need opening by venoplasty (opening of the blocked vein with Balloon) and stenting.
• Thrombolysis: A blood clot in deep veins require clot lysis (systemic/catheter-directed)
• IVC filter placement: Deep venous thrombosis has the tendency of migration of clot to the lung. To prevent this Filter is placed in IVC to prevent pulmonary embolism which is a serious complication.
• Endovenous Laser/ Radio Frequency Ablation: Minimal invasive intervention to treat the varicose vein. It does not require any cut/incision. It is a daycare procedure.
• Sclerotherapy: It is a Daycare/OPD procedure to block superficial visible veins in the leg.
• Vascular Access Salvage: Vascular Access (AV Fistula, AV grafting) is done for haemodialysis.
• Because of many regions, the flow during dialysis decreases. This could be because of the narrowing of the vessel. This can be treated by angioplasty and stenting.
• Arteriovenous Malformation- A birth condition characterised by abnormal connection of arteries and veins, especially seen in the brain and the spine. This can lead to seizures, headaches and internal bleeding. Treatment includes
• Endovascular treatment
• Sclerotherapy