Total Knee Replacement

Total knee replacement surgery is one of the most successful and life-enhancing procedures. It relieves almost 95% of pain and improves mobility, hence enabling patients to return to work and lead a near-normal life. Knee replacement surgery is a safe and effective surgery. Doctors usually suggest a replacement surgery as a treatment modality after trying medication, walking aids, and physiotherapy. A normal knee functions as a hinge joint between the upper leg bone (femur) and the lower leg bone (tibia) and the knee cap (patella). Total knee replacement, or total knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which the damaged surface of the knee joint is resurfaced with artificial parts (prostheses) made of plastic and metal. It replaces the worn-out parts of the knee joint with man-made parts. The cartilage of the knee when worn out or damaged, can result in the top of the shin bone rubbing against the lower end of the thigh bone, causing pain and deformity. In this surgery, the upper end of the shin bone and the lower end of the thigh bone are replaced with plastic inserted between the two. In some cases, the kneecap is also replaced. This is done when other options like physiotherapy and medication do not provide adequate relief. This may be due to osteoarthritis (age-related degeneration), injury, or rheumatoid arthritis. Regardless of the diagnosis, all patients with severe disabling knee pain that interferes with quality of life and activities of daily living qualify for this surgery. Usually, it takes 2-3 months after surgery to see the full benefits of the surgery.

PCI

This is a non-surgical procedure that is used to treat coronary arteries for stenosis. It is a combination of angioplasty & stenting that widens narrowed and blocked coronary arteries and restores blood flow from the heart. In cases of acute heart attacks (Myocardial Infarctions), PCI is used as an emergency treatment. PCI is considered to be an alternative to bypass grafts.

Coronary Angiogram

An X-ray imaging test is done to see if there are any restrictions in blood flow going to your heart. This is the most common test to help doctors diagnose heart conditions. During coronary angiography, a small catheter or tube is inserted through the skin into an artery in the groin or the Hand. Through a special x-ray viewing instrument, the catheter is moved to the opening of the coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart. A small amount of solution containing iodine is injected into each artery. The images that are produced are called the angiogram which accurately reveals the blockages.

Coronary Angioplasty

Coronary angioplasty is routinely done to open clogged heart arteries. It can improve symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath. Angioplasty is also often used during a heart attack to quickly open a blocked artery and reduce the amount of damage to your heart. It involves inserting and inflating a tiny balloon into the spot where your artery is clogged to help widen the artery. Angioplasty can also be done through the artery in your wrist instead of the arm or thigh. The radial approach, through the wrist, is usually preferred by cardiologists due to its benefits in terms of bleeding, its superficial location and easy compressibility and low risk of restricted blood supply to the tissues. Rotablation The rotational Atherectomy of coronary arteries technique is used to debulk the heavily calcified coronary arteries and to prepare the lesion for a stent implantation, through the thigh.

Cardiac Device Implantation

A cardiac device helps control irregular heartbeats to protect against heart rhythm disorders. One of the most commonly used cardiac devices is a pacemaker, which produces electrical stimuli to the hearst to help it maintain rhythm.An Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) is used to assist the heart's ventricles to restore their capacity after an irregularity. The surgery to implant these devices is quick and patients are often discharged soon after the procedure is completed.

Open Heart Surgery

This is a procedure that involves the opening of the chest cavity and creating a bypass system that allows blood to pump through your body without going through the heart. During open heart surgery, the heart is stopped for a period of time until surgical procedures or investigations can be completed. Once the surgical objective has been achieved, the surgeon restarts the heart and closes up the chest cavity.

Pediatric Cardiology

At Manipal Hospitals, we also provide cardiovascular services to children. Pediatric cardiologists trained in treating children work together with other pediatric specialists to diagnose and treat children and adolescents. Antenatal Fetal Echocardiogram
. Balloon Dilatation of Stenotic Valve in Neonates, Newborns, and Children
. Hemodynamic evaluation of Complex Congenital Heart Diseases
. Counseling following a diagnosis of congenital heart defects in Neonates, Infants, Children, and Adults
. Device closure of abnormal communication such as Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
. Device closure of Septal Defects such as Ventricular Septal Defects (VSD) and Atrial Septal Defects (ASD)

Heart Attack

The heart muscle, in order to function, needs food and oxygen to survive. The arteries or the blood vessels present within the heart supply the required food and oxygen to the heart muscles. These blood vessels in the heart may get blocked and narrowed due to several reasons, such as unhealthy eating habits, smoking and lack of exercise. As the blockage decreases, the blood supply to the heart muscle gradually decreases, which ultimately leads to a total cut-off. The formation of blockage leads to the heart muscle not getting enough food and oxygen, resulting inaheart attack.

What Are The Most Common Types Of Knee Replacement Surgery?

Medical evaluation: Before the surgery, you will undergo a thorough medical evaluation to determine if you are a good candidate for knee replacement surgery. Your doctor will assess your overall health, medical history, and the extent of your knee pain and disability. Pre-operative tests: You may need to undergo certain tests, such as blood tests, X-rays, or an MRI, to evaluate the condition of your knee and make sure that you are healthy enough for surgery. Stop taking certain medications: If you are taking any medications that can increase the risk of bleeding during surgery, your doctor may advise you to stop taking them before the procedure. Pre-operative instructions: Your doctor will give you specific instructions on what to do before the surgery, such as avoiding food and drink the night before, and what to bring with you to the hospital. Pre-operative visit: You will have a pre-operative visit with your doctor and the nursing staff to review the details of your surgery and answer any questions you may have. Arrange for post-operative care: Before the surgery, you should make arrangements for post-operative care, such as getting someone to drive you home from the hospital and help with household chores and personal care. The goal of these steps is to make sure that you are fully prepared for the surgery and that everything goes smoothly.

What Happens During Knee Replacement Surgery?

Knee replacement surgery, also known as total knee arthroplasty, is a procedure in which a damaged or worn-out knee joint is replaced with a prosthetic joint made of metal and plastic. The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and takes about two hours. Here is what happens during a knee replacement surgery: Anesthesia: The patient is given general anesthesia and placed in a prone position (face down) on the operating table. Incision: The surgeon makes an incision on the front of the knee and removes the damaged or worn-out joint. Reshaping the bones: The surgeon removes the damaged bones of the knee and reshapes the bones to fit the prosthetic joint. Installing the prosthetic joint: The surgeon positions the metal and plastic components of the prosthetic joint in place, aligning them to match the natural movement of the knee. The prosthetic joint is then secured in place with bone cement or screws. Closing the incision: The incision is closed with sutures or staples, and a bandage is applied. Post-operative care: The patient is typically kept in the hospital for several days after the surgery, during which time they receive physical therapy and pain management to help them recover and regain mobility. It's important to note that the specifics of the surgery can vary depending on the patient's individual needs and the surgeon's preferences.

What Happens During Knee Replacement Surgery?

What Happens After The Knee Replacement Surgery?

After the knee replacement surgery, patients will typically experience the following: Hospital stay: The typical length of hospital stay is between 3-5 days. Pain management: Pain is managed with a combination of pain medication and physical therapy. Physical therapy: Physical therapy is an important part of recovery and begins soon after the surgery. The physical therapist will work with the patient to help regain strength, flexibility, and mobility. Home recovery: Patients are usually able to go home once they are able to walk with a walker or crutches and are able to manage their pain medication. Return to normal activities: Most people can return to normal activities within 3-6 months after the surgery. Follow-up appointments: Patients will have several follow-up appointments with their orthopedic surgeon to monitor their progress and ensure proper healing.

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Dr. Manuj Wadhwa

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Dr. Manuj Wadhwa

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in Patiala.

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